It appears that [Chejahae] mystified the making
of Hangeul in this way. The only comment that
attracts our academic attention is the phrase,
“but only from the accomplishment of right reason
based on sound, i.e. according to the principles
of sound.” The explanations of twenty eight letters
in [Chejahae], in fact, support this strategy.
This line of explanation shows that King Sejong
relied upon the phonology developed in China for
the principles of sound. It appears in various
documents that King Sejong was good at Chinese
phonology. Yet a careful reading leads us to believe
that King Sejong was not satisfied with the past
works, but he tried to perform his own new research.
He developed a general phonological theory by
adapting the Chinese phonological theory to the
Korean language. This phonological theory at that
time was the highest one with no parallel in history
in either the Orient or the Occident. We can count
the theory on syllable peak as the representative
theory developed by King Sejong. As the Chinese
phonology based on syllable dichotomy lacked even
a concept of syllable peak itself, it is concluded
that King Sejong established the theory of syllable
peak for the first time.
It seems that a deep study of phonology made it
possible for King Sejong to intend to invent an
independent writing system. Here the graphemics
can never be omitted in his study. China was a
country of characters, and as a natural result,
a science of graphemes developed on a high level.
King Sejong accepted this scientific trend of
graphemes and by extracting its core, he applied
it to the making of new letters.
In a nutshell, the academic characteristic of
King Sejong was to grasp all things in their fundamental
nature, and Hangeul, as having been based on this,
could become an original writing system. Of the
many achievements in various areas, the invention
of Hangeul was a brilliant pyramid which is to
be imperishable in both our national and human
cultural heritage.
No other name than ‘King Sejong’ appeared in the
above discussion, and it is because the author
believes that Hangeul was invented literally by
him only. Not until the invention of Hangeul did
some scholars including Shin Sok-Chu participate
in the works related to Hangeul. The author already
discussed this situation somewhat in detail in
his paper, Lee Ki-Moon (1992, please refer to
references). New material was later introduced
by Lee Ka-Won (1994, please refer to references),
and it is added here. Chongui-Kongju Yusa(貞懿公主遺事,
An episode about Princess Chongoi) was recorded
in [Chuksan Ahnssi Taedongbo](竹山安氏大同譜, a general
family pedigree of Chuksan Ahn's), and of three
articles the second article is as follows (translation
from Chinese into Korean by Lee Ka-won):
世宗憫方言不能以文字相通 始製訓民正音 而變音吐着 猶未畢究 使諸大君解之 皆未能 遂下于公主
公主卽解究以進 世宗大加稱賞 特賜奴婢數百口. King Sejong felt very
sorry that their language (Korean) could not
communicate with Chinese characters, and he
tried to invent Hunmin-Jeongeum(the Korean alphabetical
system: It literally means ‘Right Sound for
Teaching Subject.’) In the meantime, not having
been able to solve all the alternate phenomena
of sounds and the interpretation of the Chinese
characters, he had all princes solve the problems.
But they did not make it. At last he sent the
problems down to princess Ch?ng?i. She immediately
succeeded in it, and offered it for King Sejong.
So he praised her greatly, and presented her
with hundreds of slave families.
Princess Chongoi was the second daughter of
King Sejong and was married to Mr. Ahn Maeng-Dam
, a military officer in Yonch’ang province(延昌尉
安孟聃). And there was this valuable report in
his family history. This is almost the only
document which recorded the episodes during
the making of Hangeul. It can be vividly seen
from this record that King Sejong secretly proceeded
with the invention of Hangeul, and when confronted
with insoluble difficulties he consulted his
nearest sons and daughters. It was pointed out
that King Sejong had debated with his sons,
including the prince in the present author's
article (1992:7). This statement is based upon
the following two facts: Firstly, King Sejong
ordered his prince and his sons Suyang-Taegun
and Anpyong-Taegun to arrange and organize the
first work after inventing Hangeul, i.e. the
translation of Chinese dictionary of phones.
Secondly, there appears in the prefaces of [Hongmuchong’un-Yok’un](洪武正韻譯訓,
a translation and explanation of the Chinese
phonetic philology [Hongmuchong’un]) and [Chik’hae-Tongjasop](直解童子習,
the literal translation of the Chinese textbook
for children [Tongjaspo) the statement that
King Munjong, who had been a prince of King
Sejong, helped his Father King Sejong with the
invention of Hangeul. Now it is revealed that
his princess also participated in the work of
inventing Hangeul.